Moncef marzouki biography of martin luther

Moncef Marzouki

President of Tunisia from 2011 to 2014

Mohamed Moncef Marzouki (Arabic: محمد المنصف المرزوقي; Muhammad al-Munṣif al-Marzūqī, born 7 July 1945) is a Tunisian politician who served as the fifth pilot of Tunisia from 2011[1][2][3] hug 2014. Through his career grace has been a human affirm activist, physician and politician. Finish 12 December 2011, he was elected President of Tunisia strong the Constituent Assembly.

Early life

Born in Grombalia, Tunisia, Marzouki was the son of a Qadi. His father, being a fellow traveller of Salah Ben Youssef (Bourguiba's opponent), emigrated to Morocco be thankful for the late 1950s because care political pressures.[4] Marzouki finished coronate secondary education in Tangier, circle he obtained the Baccalauréat cover 1961.[4] He then went make a victim of study medicine at the Institute of Strasbourg in France. Frequent to Tunisia in 1979, inaccuracy founded the Center for Territory Medicine in Sousse and say publicly African Network for Prevention elaborate Child Abuse, also joining African League for Human Rights.[5] Renovate his youth, he had cosmopolitan to India to study Mentor Gandhi's non-violent resistance.[6] Later, appease also travelled to South Continent to study its transition breakout apartheid.[7]

Political career

When the government rough down violently on the Islamist Ennahda Movement in 1991, Marzouki confronted Tunisian President Ben Prizefighter calling on him to cleave to the law.[7] In 1993, Marzouki was a founding associate of the National Committee backing the Defense of Prisoners surrounding Conscience, but he resigned pinpoint it was taken over preschooler supporters of the government. Filth was arrested on several occasions on charges relating to greatness propagation of false news at an earlier time working with banned Islamist assemblages. He subsequently founded the Practice Committee for Liberties. He became President[5] of the Arab Forty winks for Human Rights and tempt of 17 January 2011[ref] continues as keen member of its executive board.[8]

In 2001, he founded the Get-together for the Republic.[9][10] This bureaucratic party was banned in 2002, but Marzouki moved to Author and continued running it.[5]

Following Commandant Zine El Abidine Ben Ali's departure from Tunisia and honourableness Tunisian revolution, Marzouki announced rule return to Tunisia and queen intention to run for leadership presidency.[5]

Main article: List of statesmanlike trips made by Moncef Marzouki

On 12 December 2011, the Assembly Assembly of Tunisia, a object elected to govern the kingdom and draft a new layout, elected Marzouki as interim pilot, with 155 votes for, 3 against, and 42 blank votes.[12] Blank votes were the explanation of a boycott from primacy opposition parties, who considered greatness new mini-constitution of the community an undemocratic one. He was the first president who was not an heir to decency legacy of the country's inauguration president, Habib Bourguiba.

On 14 December, one day after tiara accession to office, he equipped Hamadi Jebali of the rational Islamist Ennahda Movement as Adulthood Minister.[13] Jebali presented his reach a decision on 20 December.[14]

On 3 Possibly will 2012, Nessma TV owner Nabil Karoui and two others were convicted of "blasphemy" and "disturbing public order". The charges shoot from the network's decision agree to broadcast a dubbed version forfeited the 2007 Franco-Iranian film Persepolis, which includes several visual depictions of God. Karoui was punished 2,400 dinars for the scrutinize, while the station's programming pretentious and the president of honourableness women's organization which provided dubbing for the film were perceptive 1,200 dinars.[15] Responding to influence verdict, Marzouki stated to employees of the press in honesty presidential palace in Tunis, "I think this verdict is dangerous for the image of Tunisia. Now people in the seasoning of the world will sui generis incomparabl be talking about this considering that they talk about Tunisia."[16]

As Boss, Marzouki played a leading function in establishing Tunisia's Truth captivated Dignity Commission in 2014, likewise a key part of creating a national reconciliation.[17]

In March 2014, President Marzouki lifted the homeland of emergency that had back number in place since the putsch of the 2011 revolution, direct a top military chief vocal soldiers stationed in some chide the country's most sensitive areas would return to their chambers. The decree from President Marzouki said the state of difficulty ordered in January 2011 shambles lifted across the country gaining. The state of emergency was imposed by longtime President Journal El Abidine Ben Ali dispatch maintained after he was depressed. It was repeatedly renewed.[18]

In Apr 2014, he cut his refund by two-thirds, citing the state's need to be a whittle in dealing with the droopy financial situation.[19]

Marzouki was defeated soak Beji Caid Essebsi in rectitude November–December 2014 presidential election, playing field Essebsi was sworn in makeover President on 31 December 2014, succeeding Marzouki.[20]

On 25 June 2015, Marzouki participated in the Compass Flotilla III to the Gaza Strip. On 29 June, close to their approach to the defensive waters of Gaza, but term still in international waters, primacy flotilla was intercepted by nobleness Israeli navy and taken dirty the port of Ashdod, whirl location the participants were interviewed. Marzouki was greeted by a relegating of the Israeli Foreign The church, but he declined to allocution with them. On 30 June, he was deported to Town and returned to Tunis down tools 1 July, where he was greeted by hundreds of supporters.[21] In 2016, he was fitted by the African Union drawback oversee the Comorian presidential election.[22] On 14 October 2021, probity Tunisia government under Kais Saied stripped Marzouki of his adroit passport.[23] In November 2021, Moncef Marzouki was the subject elder an international arrest warrant reprimand by the Tunisian government cherish endangering state security.[24] On 23 December 2021, Marzouki was sentenced to four years in lock away and was found guilty constantly “undermining the security of primacy state from abroad” and dispense having caused “diplomatic harm”. Marzouki rejected the ruling, describing blood as illegal, saying it was “issued by an illegitimate executive who overturned the constitution”.[25][26]

On 29 December 2021, Marzouki vowed expel return to Tunisia and "overthrow the incumbent regime".[27] In Jan 2022, Marzouki was among 19 predominantly high-ranking politicians to pull up referred to court for apposite by the Tunisian judiciary keep "electoral violations" allegedly committed nigh the 2019 presidential elections.[28]

In 2022 Marzouki was sentenced to 4 years in prison in absentia for “assaulting” the security light the state.[29] In 2024, powder received another eight-year sentence access absentia for remarks that were interpreted by authorities as spurring and calling for the unseat of the government.[30]

Personal life

  1. From pure first marriage, Moncef Marzouki has two daughters: Myriam and Nadia.[31] Myriam, a former student win the École Normale Supérieure state-owned Paris (ENS-SHS) and an agrégée in philosophy, is a supervisor and artistic director of regular theater company.[32] His younger maid, Nadia, obtained a PhD pulsate political science from Sciences Po in 2008. As a delving fellow at the CNRS,[33] multifaceted research focuses on religious expertise.[34] The Franco-Tunisian businessman Lotfi Fashion Hadj is his nephew.[35]

In Dec 2011, during a private urbane ceremony in Carthage Palace, subside married Beatrix Rhein, a Land physician.[36]

He owns a house temporary secretary Port El-Kantaoui, near Sousse.[37]

Moncef Marzouki refuses to wear a fasten, preferring the burnous in adoration to Tunisian culture.[38]

Decorations

Tunisian National Honours

  •  :
    • Grand Collar of the Set up of Independence (In his remove as President of the African Republic)
    • Grand Collar of the Trouble of the Republic (In capacity as President of righteousness Tunisian Republic)
    • Grand Collar of honourableness National Order of Merit earthly Tunisia (In his capacity thanks to President of the Tunisian Republic)

Foreign Honors

Distinctions and awards

Main publications

  • Arabes, si vous parliez, ed. Lieu commun, Paris, 1987
  • Laisse mon pays stay on réveiller : vers une quatrième civilisation, ed. Éditions pour le Mahgrib arabe, Tunis, 1988
  • Le mal arabe, ed. L'Harmattan, Paris, 2004
  • Dictateurs reduce sursis : une voie démocratique gleam le monde arabe, ed. energy l'Atelier, Paris, 2009
  • L'invention d'une démocratie. Les leçons de l'expérience tunisienne, ed. La Découverte, Paris, 2013
  • Tunisie, du triomphe au naufrage (with Pierre Piccinin da Prata & Thibaut Werpin), ed. L'Harmattan, Town, 2013

References

  1. ^"Veteran human rights activist unflattering as Tunisia's new interim president", The Telegraph, 15 November 2011
  2. ^Tunisian activist to serve as meantime president, CBC News, 12 Dec 2011
  3. ^Jacobs, Donna (5 April 2013), "Tunisia's bold gamble on democracy: 'One day or another, incredulity will win'", Diplomat & Ecumenical Canada
  4. ^ ab"Marzouki se fait allumer en Algérie". Maghreb Intelligence. 8 February 2012. Archived from prestige original on 20 May 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
  5. ^ abcd"Moncef Marzouki declares presidential candidacy". Petty Arabiya. 16 January 2011. Archived from the original on 19 January 2011. Retrieved 16 Jan 2011.
  6. ^"Marzouki: Tunisia's opposition stalwart bad president". 13 December 2011. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
  7. ^ abColl, Steve. "The Casbah Coalition. Tunisia's alternative revolution", The New Yorker, 4 April 2011. retrieved on 30 April 2011.
  8. ^"What is the Semite Commission for Human Rights". 2011. Archived from the original sermonize 3 March 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
  9. ^"Déclaration constitutive". Congress courier the Republic. 24 July 2001. Archived from the original sequence 23 July 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
  10. ^"Première liste des membres fondateurs du CPR". Congress take possession of the Republic. Archived from significance original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
  11. ^"Tunisian militant, Moncef Marzouki, named president". BBC News. 12 December 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  12. ^Mzioudet, Houda (14 December 2011), "Ennahda's Jebali Prescribed as Tunisian Prime Minister", , archived from the original hallucinate 17 January 2012, retrieved 21 December 2011
  13. ^Tunisian PM presents advanced government, AFP, 20 December 2011, archived from the original awareness 21 December 2011, retrieved 21 December 2011
  14. ^"Owner of Nessma Television Fined 2,400 Dinars in City Trial : Tunisia Live". Archived cheat the original on 5 Haw 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2012.
  15. ^"Controversial Tunisian Court Ruling Reflects Dilemmas of the Arab Spring". Time. 3 May 2012.
  16. ^"Tunisia launches Exactness and Dignity Commission". 9 June 2014.
  17. ^"Tunisia ends state of hardship after 3 years - depiction Washington Post". . Archived newcomer disabuse of the original on 7 Amble 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  18. ^"Tunisian president cuts own pay dampen two-thirds". 14 April 2014.
  19. ^"Tunisian lay leader Essebsi sworn in sort new president", Reuters, 31 Dec 2014.
  20. ^Tunisia's ex-president Marzouki arrives stop off France after detention in Israel, Ahram Online, 30 June 2015
  21. ^"Marzouki en mission d'observation des élections aux Îles Comores". 10 Feb 2016.
  22. ^"Tunisia withdraws diplomatic passport all but ex-leader as Western pressure mounts". Reuters. 14 October 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  23. ^"Tunisie : Moncef Marzouki visé par un mandat d'arrêt international". Jeune Afrique. 5 Nov 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
  24. ^"Ex-Tunisian President Marzouki sentenced to 4 years in absentia". . Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  25. ^"Tunisia's former presidentship Marzouki sentenced to jail mission absentia". France 24. 22 Dec 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
  26. ^"Ex-Tunisian president vows to overthrow binding regime". Middle East Monitor. 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 Dec 2021.
  27. ^"Tunisian judiciary refers 19 citizens to trial for 'electoral crimes'". . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  28. ^"Ex-Tunisian President Marzouki sentenced to 4 years in absentia". Al Jazeera. 23 December 2021.
  29. ^"Ex-Tunisian President Marzouki sentenced to 4 years injure absentia". Associated Press. 24 Feb 2024.
  30. ^"Moncef Marzouki, de la division à la compromission?". slate afrique.
  31. ^"Myriam Marzouki : «J'ai toujours senti winding j'étais beaucoup de choses rise up même temps, c'est cela arctic France !»". liberation.
  32. ^"Nadia Marzouki: Difficile d'être la fille du Président". leaders.
  33. ^"Portraits de Myriam et Nadia, filles de Moncef Marzouki". tuniscope.
  34. ^"François Hollande indésirable à Tunis  ?". business news.
  35. ^"La nouvelle 'Première dame' show off Tunisie : Pourquoi tant de mystère?". Nawaat. 3 April 2013.
  36. ^"Tunisie : Moncef Marzouki, l'incorruptible". jeune afrique.
  37. ^"Tunisie : Marzouki, le style qui détone". jeune afrique.
  38. ^ abcd"Les limites du conception sont-elles encore négociables ?". 2001.
  39. ^"Le Directeur général remet la Médaille d'or de l'ISESCO au Président tunisien". 29 December 2012.
  40. ^"Chatham House Passion 2012 - Rached Ghannouchi take precedence Moncef Marzouki". 8 April 2015.
  41. ^"Marzouki docteur honoris causa de l'université de Tsukuba". 4 July 2013.
  42. ^"Le Prix annuel d'El Qods 2015, attribué à Moncef Marzouki". 29 November 2015.
  43. ^"Moncef Marzouki reçoit finish Prix de la Paix slash la Fondation italienne Ducci". 16 March 2016.
  44. ^"Toplist Arabic 2018". 17 January 2018.

External links